Organic fetiraiza mupiro mukurima

1. Kuvandudza kubereka kwevhu

95% yezvinhu zvekuteedzera muvhu zviripo mune isinganyungudike fomu uye haigone kutorwa uye kushandiswa nezvirimwa. Zvisinei, microbial metabolites ine nhamba yakawanda ye organic acids. Zvinhu izvi zvakaita semvura inopisa inowedzerwa muchando. Tsvaga zvinhu zvakadai secalcium, magnesium, sarufa, mhangura, zinc, iron, boron uye molybdenum inogona kunyungudika nekukasira, uye inogona kunyudzwa zvakananga nezvirimwa. Zvinhu zvinovaka muviri zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuwedzera kugona kwevhu kupa fetereza.

Organic matter mune organic fetiraiza inowedzera zvirimo zve organic zvinhu muvhu, izvo zvinoita kuti ivhu chisungo dhigirii idzike, uye ivhu rekuchengetedza mvura uye kuchengetedza kwe fetiraiza kuita kunowedzera kusimba. Naizvozvo, iyo ivhu inoumba yakagadzikana granular chimiro, kuitira kuti igone kutamba chinzvimbo chakanaka mukubatanidza kugoverwa kwekubereka. Iine fetiraiza yevhu, ivhu rinosununguka uye rakaorera.

2. Kuvandudza ivhu uye kusimudzira kubereka kwehutachiona

Organic fetiraiza inogona kuita kuti zvipuka muvhu zvipararire muhuwandu hwakawanda, kunyanya akawanda anobatsira madiki, senge nitrogen inogadzirisa mabhakitiriya, ammoniation mabhakitiriya, cellulose inoora mabhakitiriya, nezvimwe. uye kugadzirisa ivhu kuumbwa.

Ma microorganisms ari kukura nekukurumidza muvhu, akafanana nemambure makuru asingaonekwe, akaomarara. Mushure mekufa kwebhakitiriya kwema microorganisms, akawanda mapaipi mapayipi akasara muvhu. Mapaipi madiki aya haana kungoita kuti ivhu rivepo, asi akaitawo kuti ivhu rive rakatsetseka uye rakapfava, uye zvinovaka muviri pamwe nemvura zvakange zvisiri nyore kurasikirwa, izvo zvakawedzera kuchengetedza kwevhu uye fetiraiza yekuchengetedza, uye zvakadzivirira nekubvisa ivhu rinosunga.

Ma microorganism anobatsira mu organic fetiraiza anogona zvakare kutadzisa kubereka kwehutachiona hunokuvadza, kuitira kuti kushomeka kwezvinodhaka kugonwe. Kana ikashandiswa kwemakore mazhinji, inogona kudzvinyirira hutachiona hunokuvadza ivhu, kunze kwevashandi, mari uye kusvibiswa.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kune akasiyana ma enzymes anoshanda akavanzwa neyakagaya nzira yemhuka uye akasiyana ma enzyme anogadzirwa nehutachiona mu organic fetiraiza. Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kusimudzira zvakanyanya enzyme chiitiko chevhu mushure mekuiswa kune iyo ivhu. Iyo yakareba-yakareba uye yakareba-nguva yekushandisa manyowa manyowa inogona kusimudzira kunaka kwevhu. Zvinonyanya kugadzirisa ivhu, hatityi kudyara michero yemhando yepamusoro.

3. Ipa kudya kwakakwana kwezvirimwa uye chengetedza midzi yezvirimwa

Organic fetiraiza ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvakakwana, kuronda zvinhu, shuga nemafuta anodiwa nemiti. Iyo CO2 yakaburitswa nekuora kwe organic organic inogona kushandiswa sechinhu chephotosynthesis.

Organic fetiraiza zvakare ine 5% yenitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium, uye 45% yezvinhu zvakasikwa, izvo zvinogona kupa yakakwana nzara yezvirimwa.

Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti fetiraiza yehukama yakaora muvhu, uye inogona kushandurwa kuita akasiyana humic acid. Iyo mhando yepamusoro mamorekuru zvinhu, ine yakanaka kuomarara adsorption mashandiro, yakanaka kuomarara adsorption mhedzisiro kune inorema simbi ions, inogona zvinobudirira kudzikisa huturu hweheavy metal ions kune zvirimwa, kudzivirira iyo kupinda mumuti, uye kudzivirira iyo rhizome ye humic acid zvinhu.

4. Kwidziridza kurwisa, kusanaya kwemvura uye kusagadzikana kwemvura kubva muzvirimwa

Organic fetiraiza ine mavitamini, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kusimudzira kuramba kwezvirimwa, kuderedza kana kudzivirira kuitika kwezvirwere. Kana fetiraiza ye organic ikaiswa muvhu, inogona kusimudzira kuchengetedza nemvura nekuchengetedza mvura kwevhu, uye mune kusanaya kwemvura, inogona kusimudzira kusanaya kwemvura kwezvirimwa.

Panguva imwecheteyo, fetiraiza inogona zvakare kusunungura ivhu, kuvandudza nharaunda yezvakatipoteredza yezvirimwa midzi, kusimudzira kukura kweiyo midzi, kuwedzera hutano hwemidzi, kugadzirisa kunamira kwemvura kwezvirimwa, kuderedza kufa kwezvirimwa, nekuvandudza kupona chiyero chezvigadzirwa zvekurima.

5. Kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa uye girini yezvikafu

Hurumende yakatotaura kare kuti kushandiswa kwakanyanya kweiyo inorganic fetiraiza kunofanirwa kutemerwa muhurongwa hwekugadzira zvekurima, uye fetereza inogadzira manyowa manyoro ekugadzira chikafu chegirinhi.

Nekuti izvo zvinovaka muviri mu organic fetiraiza zvakakwana, uye izvi zvinhu zvisina chepfu, zvisina njodzi uye zvisina kusvibiswa zvinhu zvakasikwa, izvi zvinopa mamiriro anodikanwa ekugadzirwa kwezvibereko zvepamusoro, zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvisina kusvibiswa chikafu chisina girini. Iyo humic acid zvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro zvinogona kudzora kukuvara kwesimbi inorema kune zvinomera, uye zvakare kuderedza kukuvara kwesimbi inorema kumuviri wemunhu.

6. Wedzera goho rezvirimwa

Ma microorganism anobatsira mu organic fetiraiza anoshandisa iyo organic chinhu muvhu kuburitsa yechipiri metabolites, ine huwandu hukuru hwekukura hunosimudzira zvinhu.

Semuenzaniso, auxin inogona kusimudzira kureba kwemiti nekukura, abscisic acid inogona kusimudzira kuibva kwemichero, gibberellin inogona kusimudzira kutumbuka nekugadzika kwemichero, kuwedzera kuwanda kwemaruva, chiyero chekuchengetedza michero, kuwedzera goho, kugadzira michero yakawanda, nyoro uye nyoro, uye inogona kunyorwa kutanga kuwana goho kuwedzera uye mari.

7. Deredza kurasikirwa kwomuviri uye kuvandudza kushandiswa kwefetiraiza

Iyo chaiyo yekushandisa chiyero chemakemikari fetiraiza inongova 30% - 45%. Mimwe fetereza yakarasika inoendeserwa kumuchadenga, imwe yacho inorasika nemvura uye kuyerera kwevhu, uye mamwe akagadzikwa muvhu, risingakwanise kunyururwa uye kushandiswa zvakananga nezvirimwa.

Pakashandiswa fetiraiza yehupenyu, chimiro chevhu chakavandudzwa nemabasa anobatsira ehupenyu, uye kugona kwekuchengetedza mvura kwevhu uye kuchengetedza fetiraiza kwakawedzerwa, nokudaro kuchideredza kurasikirwa kwevakavaka muviri. Iko kushandiswa kwakanaka kwe fetiraiza kunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika pamusoro pe50% nekuita kweinobatsira microorganism kubvisa phosphorus uye potasium.

Mukupedzisa, mipiro minomwe yefotereza yehupenyu kurima inoratidza zvakwakanakira. Nekuvandudzwa kwevanhu kutsvaga kwekuchengetedza chikafu uye hupenyu hwehupenyu, kuvandudzwa kwekurima zvakasvibirira kuchakurumidzisa kushandiswa kwefetiraiza yemugariro mune ramangwana, uye zvakare inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekusimudzira kusimudzira kwekurima kwemazuva ano.


Post nguva: Chivabvu-06-2021